柴达木盆地降水变化特性研究

Research on Precipitation Variation Characteristics in Qaidam Basin

柴达木盆地矿产资源丰富,水资源供需矛盾较为突出,研究降水特性变化可为合理规划和利用水资源提供科学依据。采用Mann-Kendall检验及Morlet小波分析方法研究了柴达木盆地4个典型气象站1957—2016年降水时间序列特征。结果表明,柴达木盆地近十几年来降水量有所增加,并且在20世纪70年代发生突变,4个气象站年降水量普遍存在2年左右的周期性,表现出多时间尺度特征。柴达木盆地是大陆性干旱气候区,东部地区降水仍较多地受东部季风的影响,而冷湖站及大柴旦站受同一气候因素影响的可能性较大,格尔木则可能受到西南季风气候的影响。

The Qaidam Basin is rich in mineral resources,and the contradiction between supply and demand of water resources is more prominent.The study of the change of precipitation characteristics can provide scientific basis for the rational planning and utilization of water resources.The characteristics of precipitation time series in four typical meteorological stations of Qaidam Basin in 1957-2016 were studied by Mann-Kendall test and Morlet wavelet analysis.The results show that the amount of precipitation in the Qaidam Basin has increased in the last dozen years,and the sudden change occurred in 1970s.The annual precipitation of the four stations generally has a periodicity of about 2 years,showing the characteristics of multi time scale.The Qaidam Basin is a continental arid climate zone,and the eastern region is still more affected by the eastern monsoon,while the Lenghu Station and Dachaidan Station are more likely to be affected by the same climatic factors,while Golmud may be affected by the southwest monsoon climate.