抬梁?穿斗?中国传统木构架分类辨析——中国传统木构架发展规律研究(上)

Lifting Beams? Pillars and Beams? Classification and Discrimination of Chinese Traditional Wood Structure:The Development Law of Chinese Traditional Wood Frame(Part One)

中国传统木构架,一种中国建筑的结构体系,一直是中国传统建筑研究的主要关注点之一。然而从梁思成先生等人对中国建筑的研究伊始,其分类并不是从结构角度入手,而是从局部的节点构造的描述性分类,没有能够清晰地阐释整体构架的本质特征。该文通过各学者对"抬梁"、"穿斗"的定义描述分析,以及其他分类方法的比较,发现"抬梁"、"穿斗"对中国传统木构架难以全面覆盖或归类困难,大胆设想"抬梁"、"穿斗"在本质上的一致性。

Traditional Chinese Timber Framework,a structure of traditional Chinese architecture,always draws attention among the research of traditional Chinese architecture.Whereas from the beginning of the research of traditional Chinese architecture,Mr.sicheng Liang and other former scholars did not classify the architecture in a view of structure,while gave them a descriptive classification according to the styles of connection joints,which can not express the substantial characteristics of the structure.In this paper,we analyze the definition of ＂Tailiang＂ and ＂Chuandou＂ of the scholars,compare the other classification,and realize that these two categories can not cover the entire traditional Chinese Timber Framework or it is confused when classify some buildings.Eventually,we assume the coherence between of ＂Tailiang＂ and ＂Chuandou＂ in essence.