论规章的合宪性审查机制

On the Constitutional Review Mechanism on Rules and Regulations

根据我国现行法律制度框架内规章的合宪性审查的制度和机制特征,规章的合宪性审查是一项已经存在、尚待完善的立法监督制度。可以通过宪法修改或宪法解释的方式,在现行宪法与国务院部门规章、地方政府规章和军事规章之间建立形式上的法律联系,从而为规章的合宪性审查提供形式合宪的法理基础。目前关键的制度设计就是要把规章纳入《立法法》所规定的由全国人大常委会进行合宪性审查的对象的范围,以保证规章的合宪性审查工作的权威性。

The constitutional review of rules and regulations is an existing but imperfect legislative supervision system. Constitutional amendments or interpretation may help establish a formal legal connection between the current constitution and the rules and regulations made by the State Council's departments, local governments, and military units, giving the review a formally constitutional legal basis. To maintain the authority of the review, the key institutional design is to include rules and regulations in the objects of unconstitutional acts stipulated in the Legislation Law to be investigated by the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress.