基于词汇类型学的“呼吸(breathe)”概念的语义地图

The Semantic Map of “BREATH” Concept in the Field of Lexical Typology

重点关注词汇类型学研究的一个焦点——不同语言间多义词的语义衍生路径,指出在语法和语音领域成功应用的"语义地图模型"的研究方法也同样可用于词汇领域。汉语的名词"气"和其他语言的相关动词分别表达各自语言的"呼吸(breathe)"概念,它们有着近似的多义衍生路径,我们试图描画出一张完整的"呼吸(breathe)"概念的语义地图,展示人类语言的共性和差异。

Built upon the model of Semantic Maps,the article discusses one issue for a model in lexical typology：the semantic deriving path of polysemants among different languages.The article considers the model of Semantic Maps,which have achieved rich fruits on grammatics and phonetics,may also be applied in the lexical field.The study of lexical typology may utilize the Semantic Maps and study the lexical generality of polysemants among different languages,thus achieves a reasonable conclusion.On the basis of above discussion,around the concept of＂breathe＂,the article first probes the verb breathe＇s semantic deriving path,trying to draw a semantic map of breathe;second,it probes the Chinese qi＇s semantic derived path,trying to draw a semantic map of Chinese＂qi＂;Third,the paper analyses other languages＇ noun breath＇s semantic derived path.In the end,we try to draw a complete semantic map of breathe.