竞技运动风险决策情境中的红色心理效应研究

Study on Psychological Effects of Red in Risk Decision-making of Competitive Sports

竞技运动中存在大量的风险决策情境,以往的研究主要考察决策者内部表征对风险决策行为的影响,较少关注风险信息外部表征对竞技运动中风险决策行为的影响。基于色彩心理学中的红色心理效应理论,本研究将红色心理效应引入风险决策领域,探讨红色刺激对竞技运动情境中风险决策行为的影响。采用完全随机区组设计,将171名体育专业在校大学生随机分至实验组与对照组。结果表明,在风险偏好和框架效应上,红色刺激引发了2个实验组被试的回避倾向;红色刺激呈现时机的差异在框架效应与风险偏好上均没有显著性差异;实验组与对照组在负收益情境下的选择偏好存在显著性差异。本研究表明,红色心理效应同样适用于竞技运动风险决策情境。

Competitive sports are exposed to numerous situations of risk decision.Former studies centered on the influences of action of risk decision due to the internal representation of decision-maker.However,researches into the influence caused by the external representation were in lack.Based on the existing study of red effects in color psychology,this research attempted to introduce red effect into the field of risk decision to discuss the behavior of risk decision happened in competitive sports which were impacted by red effect.171 undergraduate P.E.majors were randomly classified into experimental subjects and control subjects.The results showed that red stimulated stronger risk-averse in the risk preference and framing effect.There was almost no time difference presented by red effect in framing effect and risk preference areas.While the difference between experimental subjects and control subjects in minus yield was significant.Therefore,red effect could be applied in risk decision of competitive sports.