互联网金融集团对传统商业银行造成冲击了吗?——针对盈利能力和市场的双重分析

Does Internet Financial Group Have Impacts on Traditional Commercial Banks?——Double Analysis On Profitability and Market

本文利用局部到整体、数据分析、压力测试的研究方法,对传统银行三项基本业务进行了分析,并对利润冲击的主要对象——负债端进行了压力测试。研究发现:互联网金融集团的中间业务和资产端相辅相成,虽然未对利润造成直接冲击,但抢占了小额市场,不利于银行在利率市场化背景下的市场拓展;负债端业务则通过提高银行负载成本直接降低了银行的利润。要在互联网时代维持金融主体地位,商业银行必须最大程度地拥抱互联网,积极全方位发展,实现从"资金中介"向"服务中介"的功能转型。

With the research methods from part to whole, data analysis and stress testing, the paper analyzes the impact of three basic businesses of traditional banks and conducts stress tests on the major target liabilities of profit impact. The analysis finds that the internet finance group’s intermediary business and asset side complement each other.Although they do not directly impact the profit, they seize the small amount market,which prevents the bank to grow the business under the background of the interest rate liberalization. The debt-side business directly increases the cost of debt of bank and reduces the bank’s profits. To maintain the dominant role of commercial banks in Internet era, commercial banks must embrace the Internet to the maximum extent and actively take all-round development to achieve the function transition from financial intermediaries to service intermediaries.