安徽省某镇老年人抑郁状况及其影响因素分析

The prevalence and influencing factors of depressive symptoms among the elderly in a rural community of Anhui province

目的了解安徽省某镇老年人抑郁现况并分析其影响因素。方法采用整群抽样的方法选择安徽省某镇社区60岁及以上的老年人作为研究对象,采用老年人抑郁自评量表(GDS)和自制问卷对研究对象抑郁症状况以及相关因素进行调查。结果调查对象520例,其中有132例检出具有抑郁症状,检出率为25.38%。抑郁症状在不同性别、职业、婚姻状况和经济收入组间比较差异有统计学意义;对健康、睡眠、居住环境感觉好、对生活满意及与亲人、朋友和邻居关系融洽的老人抑郁症状检出率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义;多因素分析显示女性、经济收入低、对生活不满意、睡眠质量差及家庭关系差与老年人的抑郁症状有关。结论老年人抑郁现况不容乐观,应引起高度重视,可从提高经济收入、改善睡眠质量和家庭关系等方面来减少老人抑郁的发生,进而提高其健康水平。

Objective To investigate the current status and related influencing factors of depression symptoms among aged people in a rural community in Anhui province. Methods The elderly aged 60 and over were collected through cluster sampling method to investigate the prevalence and related influencing factors of depressive symptoms by using Geriatric Depression Scale（ GDS） and self-developed questionnaire. Results The prevalence rate of depressive symptoms among the 520 cases of elderly was 25. 38%. There were significantly difference in the prevalence of depressive symptoms in groups with different ages,occupation,marital status and income. The prevalence of depressive symptoms of the elderly who felt good for their health,sleep,living environment and life satisfaction and had harmonious relationships with family, friends and neighbors was significantly lower than that in control group. Multivariate analysis showed that the factors including being woman,low income,trouble sleeping,bad family relationship and be less satisfied with their life were significantly associated with depressive symptoms.Conclusions The status of depressive symptoms among the elderly was not optimistic and should be given high priority. Specifically,it can reduce the incidence of depression in the elderly from the aspects of increasing economic income,improving sleep quality and family relations,so as to improve their health level.