新制度经济学视角下违法建设形成逻辑——以广州市荔湾区集体物业为例

THE FORMATION LOGIC OF ILLEGAL CONSTRUCTION FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF NEW INSTITUTIONAL ECONOMICS： A CASE STUDY OF COLLECTIVE PROPERTY IN LIWAN DISTRICT, GUANGZHOU CITY

运用新制度经济学的交易成本解析违法建设的形成原因，把违法建设视为一组权力束作用的结果，即违法建设形成的逻辑是“政府力”、“市场力”和“社会力”三者的合力改变了空间交易成本，导致违法建设的产生。以广州市荔湾区某社违法建设为案例，分析违法建设空间的形成是三者共同作用下的结果，因此可以通过降低三者的交易成本来有效治理违法建设。通过制定相关的管理办法，加强政府部门联合行动机制；推行利益共享机制，形成连片拆违与开发结合的治理；引入创新工作坊机制，推动村集体物业利益相关者的公众参与。这些举措降低了交易成本，可以有效预防大量违法建设的产生。用交易成本分析违法建设的形成逻辑为存量规划的研究提供了一种新的范式，也为应对未来复杂的城市规划制度转型提供参考和借鉴。

Using the transaction cost of New Institutional Economics to analyze the causes of illegal construction, this paper regards the illegal construction as the result of a series of power bundles, that is, the logic behind the illegal construction is ＂government power,＂ ＂market power,＂ and ＂social power.＂ The joint force changes the space transaction costs, resulting in illegal construction. Taking the illegal construction in Liwan District of Guangzhou as a case, it is analyzed that the formation of illegal construction is the result of the joint action of these three forces. Therefore, it is feasible to effectively control illegal construction by reducing the transaction costs of the three forces. Through the establishment of relevant management measures, the joint action mechanism composed of multiple government departments is strengthened; by the benefit-sharing mechanism, the control system combining consecutive illegal construction dismantle with real estate development is formed; and through the innovation workshop mechanism, the public participation of stakeholders of village collective property is enhanced. These measures reduce the transaction costs and effectively prevent a large number of illegal constructions. The analysis on formation logic behind the illegal construction based on transaction costs provides both a new paradigm for the study of inventory planning and references for the transformation of complex urban planning system in the future.