中国县级“三生用地”分类体系的理论构建与实证分析

An Classification Systems of Production-Living-Ecological Land on the County Level:Theory Building and Empirical Research

研究目的:"三生用地"分类研究是国土空间规划与管理的基础,而分类的关键在于科学识别及归并土地利用的各项功能。研究方法:以理论分析与实证研究相结合的方法,构建了"三生用地"两级续分分类体系。研究结果:依据土地利用的产业属性、社会属性和管理属性将县域土地划分为17个类型,提出了"三生用地"的数量结构与组合结构两种分类表达范式。以南安市丰州镇为例进行实证分析表明,研究区生产、生活与生态用地面积占土地总面积的比例分别为48.94%、19.07%、77.29%,涵盖了生产用地、生活用地、生态用地、生产—生活用地、生产—生态用地、生产—生活—生态用地6种用地组合模式。生产用地与生活用地具有较明显的空间一致性且主要分布在南部地势平坦的沿江地带,而与生态用地具有较明显的空间互补性且主要分布在北部低山丘陵地区,不同用地组合在空间分布上呈现"局部集聚、全局分散"的特征。研究结论:实证研究与理论分析的吻合度较高,说明所建构的分类体系与表达范式具有较强的实用性和可操作性,可为当前国土空间规划与管理提供参考。

The classification of production-living-ecological land is the basis of national land spatial planning and management,and the key is to identify and merge the functions of land use scientifically.In this paper,an classification systems of production-living-ecological land was built,taken the theoretical analysis and empirical research as the method.The county-level land was divided into 17 types according to the industrial,social and administrative attributes of land use,and two kinds of expression paradigm were put forward to express the production-living-ecological land quantitative structures and combination structures.Taking the Fengzhou Town in Nanan City as an example,the results showed that the ratios of production,living and ecological land area to the total land area was 48.94%,19.07% and 77.29%,respectively,and there were six land combination patterns including production land,living land,ecological land,production-living land,production-ecological land and production-living-ecological land.The production land and the living land presented the obvious spatial consistency and mainly distributed in the south of the flat terrain along the river,and the ecological land presented the obvious spatial complementary with the former two types and mainly distributed in the northern hills area.The spatial distribution of different land use combinations was characterized by ＂partial agglomeration and general dispersion＂.The results of the empirical research were in the relatively high fit with the theory building,indicating that the proposed classification systems and the expression paradigms were rather practical and feasible,and could be used to provide reference for the planning and management of land space.