藏漂与风景的“位置错觉”——西藏风景政治的另一种阐释

Tibetan Drifters and Displacement of Landscape——An Alternative Interpretation of Tibetan Landscape Politics

对于风景的想象,许多的＂奇＂和＂异＂都是通过观看者的自身观照产生的。＂西藏风景＂的生成是西藏的历史、风俗、地理和地缘文化政治与现代社会消费主义文化政治之间的碰撞、对立、沟通和共谋的结果。＂藏漂＂是这种碰撞和对话的生动表征。诸多受到西藏文化景观的吸引而常年生活在西藏的移居者,用切身的经验＂证实＂了西藏风景想象的合理性和合法性,以一种＂反都市＂的无意识,勾画出西藏风景的消费内涵。将生活器物和细节变为无明确所指的能指、强调情感经验的突变、凸显肉身存在的坚定和想象性生活在现实之外的幻觉,藏漂的＂活法＂和＂说法＂,形成了观察西藏风景政治的独特视角,也是今天边地旅游之文化冲动的内涵阐述。

The act of imagining landscape involves the observation of ＂singularities＂ that reflect the viewer＇s own sensibility, and the ＂ Tibetan Landscape＂ is the result of interaction, opposition, inter-communication and conflict between Tibet＇s history, customs, geography, geo-cultural politics and modern consumerism. ＂Tibetan drifters＂ are one example of a cultural phenomenon that offers a vivid representation of this collision and dialogue. Many Tibetan drifters who have been living in Tibet because of their at-traction to the cultural landscape of Tibet have used their own experience to ＂confirm＂ the logic and legitimacy of their way of imagining the Tibetan landscape and embody the consumption of the Tibetan landscape through an unconscious ＂anti-metropolitan＂ rationalization. They transform living objects and details into signifiers without specific purpose, emphasizing sudden changes in emotional experience, highlighting the imaginative existence of the body beyond reality. Their lifestyle and opinions constitute a unique perspective to observe landscape politics in Tibet and the connotations of the cultural impulses underlying tourism on the frontier.