文本的旅行与回归——由Walden汉译本看中国典籍引文的回译

Back-translation of Chinese Classics:A Multi-contextual Scheme

一般而言，回译即透过“译面”寻找和确定“译底”的过程。然而，在翻译实践中却并非如此，常常出现同一个“译面”对应多个“译心”的情况。美国超验主义作家梭罗（H．Thoreau）的代表作Walden中有多处中国典籍引文，本文以这部英文著作汉译过程中中国典籍引文的处理方式为切人点和具体研究对象，剖析现有回译本出现不同“译心”的原因，提出“回译”应充分考察原语及译语的多维语境，不能简单等同于“还原”，并尝试从多维视角考量中国典籍引文的回译。

Theoretically, back-translation is to target at the only＂original base＂ with hints from the ＂fake original＂ lines. That is not always the case in common translating practice and more than one ＂fake targets＂ may occur. The present study intends to group the ＂fake targets＂ in Chinese versions of Walden by American Transcendentalist Thoreau into categories, probe into the potential working mechanism of this diversity, justify the idea that back-translation is not only reversion, and finally propose a multi-contextual scheme for the seemingly disordered back-translation of quotations from Chinese classics.