产妇身心健康水平、家庭环境和地域习俗对产妇产后抑郁发生的影响

Effect of physical and mental health,family environment and geographical customs on maternal postpartum depression

目的探讨产妇身心健康水平、家庭环境和地域习俗对产妇产后抑郁发生的影响。方法选取我院收治的240例孕妇,收集孕妇产前4周的临床资料,包括社会人口学资料及既往产科病史等资料。产后一个月内对孕妇进行抑郁评估,分为抑郁组(85例)和对照组(155例),比较两组产妇身心健康水平、家庭环境和地域习俗对产妇产后抑郁发生的影响。结果 (1)产后抑郁阳性率为35.4%(85/240),轻度、中度和重度抑郁分别占55.3%(47/85)、41.1%(35/85)、3.5%(3/85)。(2)以产后贝克抑郁量表(BDI)筛检总分为因变量,以相关研究证实的危险因素为自变量,进行多元线性回归分析,结果显示,不满意丈夫的照顾、丈夫期待生男孩、产妇存在向婴儿发泄情绪的冲动、社会支持低、消极应对等均是产后抑郁的危险因素(均P<0.05)。结论产妇身心健康水平、家庭环境和地域习俗产均会影响孕妇产后抑郁的发生,同时孕妇的产前抑郁情绪和应对方式消极均可预测产后抑郁的发生,家庭成员应该引起重视。

Objective To explore the influence of physical and mental health, family environment and geographical customs on maternal postpartum depression. Methods 240 pregnant women admitted to our hospital were collected and the clinical data of 4 weeks before birth were collected, including social demographic data and past medical history data. The depression was assessed in pregnant women within one month after delivery, they were divided into depression group （ 85 cases ） and control group （ 155 cases ）, the effects of physical and mental health, family environment and geographical customs on maternal postpartum depression in both groups were compared. Results （1） The positive rate of postpartum depression was 35.4 % （85/240）, and mild, moderate and severe depression accounted for 55.3 % （ 47/85 ）, 41.1% （ 35/85 ）, 3.5 % （ 3/85 ） . （2） Multivariate linear regression analysis was performed on the postnatal BDI screening as the dependent variable, and the risk factors confirmed by the related research were independent variables. The results show that not satisfied with the care of her husband, husband＇ s looking forward to boys, maternal presence to the baby to vent emotions impulse, low social support, negative coping were the risk factors of postprandial depression （P 〈 0.05 ） . Conclusion Maternal physical and mental health, family environment and geographical customs will affect the occurrence of postpartum depression in pregnant women, while pregnant women, prenatal depression and coping style negative can predict the occurrence of postpartum depression, family members should pay attention seriously.