炎性标记物在ALI／ARDS中的研究进展

Role of inflammatory markers in acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome

急性肺损伤（ALI）和它的严重阶段急性呼吸窘迫综合征（ARDS）是一种病死率高、严重危害人类健康的疾病。它的病理学特征是弥漫性肺泡损伤、肺水肿形成、中性粒细胞介导的炎症及肺表面活性物质功能障碍。目前认为ALI／ARDS是由各种病因引发过度的肺部炎症反应，不受控制发展为全身炎症反应综合征。研究表明，除了临床症状和危险因素外，还可用生物标记物浓度变化来协助ALI／ARDS的诊断、评估疾病的严重程度和预后以及判断治疗效果。本文就炎性生物标志物在ALI和ARDS中的作用进行综述。

Acute lung injury （ALI） and its severe form acute respiratory distress syndrome （ARDS）, serious clinical disorders with high morbidity and mortality, are characterized by diffuse alveolar injury, lung edema formation, neutrophil-derived inflammation, and surfactant dysfunction. Currently, ALI/ARDS is considered to be an excessive inflammatory process in the lung that occurs in response to pulmonary or extra pulmonary injury and develops the uncontrolled systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Besides clinical signs and risk factors, various inflammatory markers reflecting the complex pathogenesis of ALI/ARDS have been used as biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis of ALI/ARDS. This chapter reviews the role of biomarkers in diagnosis and prognosis of ALI/ARDS.