“隔山望海”:用人类学视角观察中美文化中的0～3岁早期教育

Learning from US Experience and Social Policy to Improve Chinese 0-3 Early Education:An Anthropological Perspective

本文从人类学视角，提出中国对美国早期教育的介绍和研究存在“隔山望海”的现象，其背后是普遍存在的三种文化假设：（1）中美两国有相同的政府治理体制。（2）美国的早期教育比中国先进。（3）早教市场就是早期教育。这三种文化假设影响了中国早教领域的跨文化认知。可以借助文化人类学的方法，抓住文化假设的必然作用，逐渐增强对本文化中隐性逻辑和文化假设的察觉和意识。这是深入理解跨文化早期教育的重要一步。

This article addresses a dilemma among Chinese stakeholders when introducing and researching American early education. We take an anthropological perspective to examine three common assumptions： （1） China and the United States have a similar governing mechanism; （2） U.S. early education is far more advanced than Chinese early education; and （3） the early education market in itself is early education. These three common assumptions have influenced cross cultural cognition in Chinese early education. Cultural anthropology provides a way of further understanding of cross cultural early education.