燃料电池技术发展及应用现状综述(上)

Review on Development and Application of Fuel Cell Technology (1)

燃料电池是一种高效清洁的电化学发电装置,已成功应用在航天、船舶、汽车、家用电源和充电设备等领域,本文对燃料电池的类型、质子交换膜燃料电池的结构原理、发展现状、关键技术以及在汽车领域的应用及国家政策等进行了梳理,分析探讨了燃料电池寿命、成本及基础设施等方面的应用瓶颈和发展趋势,建议从材料、关键零部件及系统集成技术等进行深入研究,建立完善评价体系,推进燃料电池的商业化进程。

Fuel cell,a clean and high-efficiency electrochemical power source,has been successfully applied in some special fields such as spacecraft,submarines,automobile,household power supply and portable power source. In this paper,the type of fuel cell,the structure principle of proton exchange membrane fuel cell,the development status,the key technology,the application in the automobile field and the national policy in fuel cell are combed. The development trend and the application bottleneck of the fuel cell life,cost and infrastructure are analyzed and discussed. It is suggested to carry out in-depth research including materials,key parts and system integration technologies,establishing and perfect evaluation system,and promote the commercialization process of fuel cell.