浪速语工具格助词的多功能性及语法化路径

Polyfunctionality and Grammaticalization Path of the Instrumental Particle in Langsu

浪速语工具格助词的句法特征既有藏缅语的共性,又有其独特个性。它可以分为非容器类工具格助词ja?31、容器类工具格助词m?55,二者兼有对地点、从由、施事、方式、承接并列、因果小句等多种事项关系范畴的标记功能。本文通过语义地图的构建,指出不同功能间存在直接或间接的内在关联,并揭示工具格助词的语法化途径,认为其共时多功能性的空间分布是历时演化的结果。

The instrumental case markers in the Langsu language （als. Mare or Lhao Vo） include jaη31, the Non-container Instrumental Case Marker, and mε55, the Container Instrumental Case Marker. Besides marking the instrumental case, the two markers can also serve as markers of location, source, agent, manner, coordination and causality. By means of semantic map construction, this paper points out that direct or indirect intrinsic correlation exists among these diverse functions, and reveals the grammaticalization process of the instrumental case markers. It is argued that the spatial distribution of their synchronic polyfimctionality results from their diachronic evolution.