减振器橡胶动态剪切特性测试及黏-超弹模型仿真应用

Dynamic Shear Characteristics of Damper Rubber and Simulation Application in Visco-Hyperelastic Model

在橡胶加工分析仪(RPA)表征混炼胶硫化过程的黏弹性后,对其进行固态切应力松弛试验来检测橡胶动态剪切黏弹参数值(如Prony级数模型的切变模量和松弛时间)。进一步结合单轴、平面及等双轴拉伸试验检测的Yeoh模型表达的超弹性参数值来建立并联叠加型黏-超弹模型定量表达式。将其类比Maxwell模型形式导入ABAQUS有限元软件,预测橡胶试样的双剪切动态响应。数值模拟结果与试验数据基本吻合,可反映应变幅值和频率变化对载荷—位移滞后环和动刚度的影响。RPA动态剪切法制样简单、操作方便,为预测减振器等弹性元件在较大受剪下的动态力学响应提供基础。

The shear stress relaxation test was carried out on Rubber Processing Analyzer （RPA） after characterizing its viscoelasticity in vulcanization process in order to check such dynamic shear viscoelastic parameters of rubber as the shear modulus and relaxation time of Prony series model. Besides, hyperelastic parameters in Yeoh model were detected by uniaxial, plane and equal biaxial tensile tests. Further, they were combined to establish the quantitative expression of a visco-hyperelastic model in parallel superposition pattern, which was similar to Maxwell model when being imported into ABAQUS finite element software to predict the dynamic double shear response of the rubber specimen. The numerical simulation results were basically in agreement with the experimental data, reflecting the influence of strain amplitude and frequency on the load-displacement hysteresis loop and dynamic stiffness. This RPA dynamic shear method is verified to be simple and easy to operate, which provides a basis for predicting the dynamic mechanical response of elastic elements such as shock absorbers under larger shear deformation.