清末民初体育教材中“人”的发现与发展

The Recognition and Development of “Human Being” in Physical Education Teaching Materials in the Late Qing Dynasty and the Early Republic Period of China

本研究以清末民初体育教材为研究对象,在考察不同时期、不同主体所编写的体育教材特点的基础上,以身体社会学的视角来发掘不同历史阶段学生身体在体育课程中被权力规训的特点,进而阐述体育教材所呈现的被权力所规训的"臣民"、被社会所建构的"军国民"以及顺应天性的"自然人",以此来说明近代中国体育课程中"人的独立性"逐步展现的过程。

This research focuses on the physical education teaching materials in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic Period of China. After exploring the characteristics of the student body disciplined by the power of physical education curriculum in different historical stages from the perspective of the body sociology, the article observes the ＂subjects＂ disciplined by the authority, the ＂militiamen＂ formed by society, and the ＂natural human＂ conforming to the nature. Based on these observations, the research illustrates the process of ＂human＇s independence＂ in the physical education curriculum in Modern China.