布什“保存名单”与战后美国大科学计划

Bush's Reserved List and Big Science Projects in Postwar America

万尼瓦尔·布什在二战期间向五角大楼递交了7500名重要科学家延期服兵役的名单。这份名单意在保存当时从事物质科学研究的年轻科学家,为战后做人才储备。本文以战时适龄兵役的部分物理学家为研究对象,以他们在战后取得的科学成就来佐证布什"保存名单"的意义和价值。

During the Second World War, Vannevar Bush submitted a list of 7,500 important scientists to the military service in the Pentagon. This list was intended to exclude young scientists who were engaged in material research at that time from military service so as to reserve talents for post war America. In this paper, some physicists in wartime military service are taken as the research objects, and the significance and value of Bush＇s ＂Reserved List＂ are testified by the scientific achievements they have obtained after the war.