“发展”的反向解读——生态文明的三种理解方案

A Reverse Interpretation of “Development”:The Three Understanding Patterns of Ecological Civilization

人类文明是建立在地球生物圈之中的,文明的存在与持续需要满足三个前提:生态前提、技术前提和文化前提。其中,技术前提与生态前提可能存在冲突,需要文化前提来协调。当下社会各界对于生态文明大致有三种理解方式:平行共处说(认为农业文明、工业文明和生态文明可以共处)、高级阶段说(认为生态文明是工业文明的高级阶段)和彻底转型说(认为生态文明是一种全新的人类文明形态)。高级阶段说拥有最广泛的支持,但只有彻底转型说,能够符合文明持续的三个前提。彻底转型说,需要对"发展"这个概念进行限定,进行反向解读。

Human civilization is built into the Earth＇s biosphere. The existence and persistence of any civilization need to meet three preconditions： ecological precondition, technological precondition, and cultural precondition. The evolution of technology may destroy the ecological precondition, so that cultural precondition is required to coordinate. There are three ways to interpret ecological civilization in the current Chinese society： ＂parallel and coexistence pattern＂（presuming that agriculture civilization, industrial civilization and ecological civilization can exist all together）, ＂advanced stage pattern＂（presuming the ecological civilization is the highest or most advanced stage of industrial civilization） and ＂complete transformation pattern＂（seeing ecological civilization as a totally new style of civilization）. The advanced stage pattern has the most extensive support, but only the complete transformation pattern can meet the three preconditions for the continuation of civilization. The complete transformation pattern needs to confine and reinterpret the ideological concept ＂development＂, and to give it a reserve interpretation.