掺N多孔碳/Fe_3O_4复合材料的制备与电容性能研究

Preparation &capacitance property of N-doped multiporous carbon/Fe_3O_4 composite material

以原位聚合法制备的煤基聚苯胺为C、N源,羰基铁粉为催化剂,高温催化裂解制得掺N量为0.256%(wt,质量分数,下同)的多孔碳/Fe,再通过液相氧化法或高温水汽法处理,均成功制备出掺N多孔碳/Fe_3O_4。扫描电镜、红外光谱、X射线衍射和电容性能测试表明,在煤/苯胺质量比为1∶1、煤基聚苯胺/羰基铁粉质量比为1∶1、热解温度为1000℃、热解时间为3h,并经液相化学氧化法处理制得的掺N多孔碳/Fe_3O_4复合材料的电容特性较好,在1A/g的电流密度下,单极比电容达到392.45F/g,比能量达到65.95Wh/kg,比功率达到546.96W/kg。掺入的N主要以叔芳胺的形式存在于多孔碳中,多孔碳与Fe_3O_4之间有较强的界面作用。液相化学氧化法制备的Fe_3O_4大多在多孔碳外或多孔碳的孔隙中沉积,分散性更好,表现出比高温水汽法更好的储能作用。

Anthracite/polyaniline composites were successfully prepared by in-situ polymerization after aniline monomer was introduced into the micro and nano pores,and aromatic layer of anthracite.And carbonyl iron powders as catalyst,porous carbon/Fe composite materials containing rich CNTs and 0.256% N-element content were successfully prepared through the high-temperature catalytic pyrolysis in the nitrogen-atmosphere tube furnace.Through the method of chemical oxidation in liquid phase or high temperature hydrothermal method,N-doped porous carbon/Fe3O4 composite materials with rich CNTs were obtained.The SEM,FT-IR,XRD and capacitance performance test showed that in the condition of liquid-phase chemical oxidation processing which coal/aniline mass ratio of 1∶1,CBP/carbonyl iron mass ratio of 1∶1 and the pyrolysis temperature of 1000℃ for 3 h,the material had more excellent capacitance property which the specific capacitance was 392.45 F/g,the energy density was 65.95 Wh/kg,the power density was 546.96 W/kg at the current density of 1 A/g.The N-element of Incorporation presented in the porous carbon mainly in the form of tertiary aromatic amines,there was a strong role in the interface between the porous carbon and iron oxide.Fe3O4 was prepared by chemical oxidation in liquid phase were deposited in the pore of porous carbon,better dispersion,it had better effect of energy storage than high water vapor method.