重庆玉米DH工程化育种的进展分析

Research Progress on Doubled Haploids in Maize Breeding in Chongqing

玉米双单倍体(doubled haploid,DH)技术是生物技术与常规育种方法结合产生的一条新的育种途径,能显著加快育种进程。在重庆地区,土壤瘠薄、阴雨寡照、高温干旱等一系列特殊的生态气候因素严重制约重庆玉米DH工程化育种的开展。本综述就重庆玉米DH工程化技术的关键环节进行了探索,包括对诱导系的选择、基础材料的组建、单倍体的诱导、加倍、DH鉴定及应用,总结出一套适宜重庆本地的玉米DH工程化育种体系,提出"目标具体,规模加倍,分圃鉴定,测评应用"的单倍体育种策略,为玉米新型商业化育种体系建立提供参考依据。

The double haploid（DH） technology in maize（Zea mays L.） is a new means for accelerating the breeding process with biotechnology and routine breeding. Study on bio-haploid maize breeding in Chongqing facing some special constraints such as barren soil, high temperature and drought, cloudy and drizzly ecoclimatic conditions limit.This paper analyses the key step of selection of inducer, establishment of source germplasm, induction, doubling,DH identification and application of haploids, summarizes that there is an optimum bio-haploid breeding schemes for local maize, and put forward strategies on haploid breeding that＂nailing down direction, focusing on doubling,identifying by fraction, using with evaluation＂and is willing to establish a new commercial maize breeding system for reference.