膜下滴灌和膜下渗灌对油葵生长发育影响比较

Influence of Drop Irrigation under Film and Seepage Irrigation under Film Methods on Growth of Oil Sunflower

为了探索油葵高效节水种植技术,通过田间试验,研究膜下滴灌和膜下渗灌对油葵植物学性状和经济性状的影响。通过测定膜下滴灌和膜下渗灌两种处理方式下油葵全生育期田间不同深度土壤温度变化,油葵不同生育期的生理指标和生物指标,分析比较两种灌溉处理方式对油葵生长发育影响的差异。结果表明:膜下渗灌处理下保墒效果更好,更能为油葵生长发育提供稳定有利的土壤环境,油葵的百粒重和产量分别较膜下滴灌处理下提高2.4%和3.0%,因而更有利于增产增收。本研究对发展节水农业及建立合理的灌溉制度,实现油葵节水高效生产有极为重要的意义。

In order to explore an effective water saving technique on oil sunflower cultivating, experiments for comparing the influence to the phenology and economic characters between drop irrigation under film and seepage irrigation under film were implemented. Temperature at 5 cm depth under soil, were recorded in diverse stages of the plant. Phenology and economic characters were also detected and analyzed for comparing difference between two irrigation mode. Results show that the mode of seepage irrigation under film have better moisture conservation effect, which provide more stable and suitable soil environments and leads significant higher of hundred grain weight and yield by 2.4% and 3.0%, that means the mode is propitious to increase the yield and income. This study have great significance in the development of water-saving agriculture and the establishment of a reasonable irrigation system to achieve efficient water-saving production of oil sunflower.