剖宫产后子宫瘢痕妊娠超声诊断的研究进展

Research progress of ultrasonographic diagnosis of uterine scar pregnancy after cesarean section

近几年,随着剖宫产率的不断升高,国家二胎政策的放开,二胎生育需求大幅增加,术后子宫瘢痕妊娠的发生率也不断升高,这是一种胚胎组织种植在剖宫产术后瘢痕组织部位的特殊异位妊娠,因为可导致子宫破裂及大出血等一系列危及患者生命的严重并发症,所以逐渐被大家重视。近年来,随着各种影像诊断技术的快速发展,超声检查在子宫瘢痕妊娠诊断与治疗中突显出其独特的优势,经腹超声联合腔内超声检查提高了子宫瘢痕妊娠早期诊断的阳性率,同时超声在介入治疗及术后监测中也发挥着极其重要的作用,本文就以上三个方面进行详细综述。

In recent years, with the continuous increase of cesarean section rate, the relaxation of the national second child policy and the substantial increase in the demand for second child fertility, the incidence of uterine scar pregnancy after cesarean section is also increasing. This is a special ectopic pregnancy that is a kind of embryonic tissue grown in the scar tissue after cesarean section. Because it can cause a series of serious complications which can endanger the patient＇s life, such as uterine rupture and hemorrhage, so it is gradually taken seriously by people. In recent years, with the rapid development of various imaging diagnostic techniques, ultrasonography has highlighted the unique advantages in the diagnosis and treatment of uterine scar pregnancy. The combined use of transabdominal ultrasound and intracavitary ultrasound can improve the positive rate of early diagnosis of ultrasound scar pregnancy. At the same time, ultrasound also plays an important role in interventional therapy and postoperative monitoring.This paper reviews the above three aspects in detail.