日军香港“圣士提反书院大屠杀”研究

Studies on Hong Kong’s “St. Stephen’s College Massacre” Committed by the Japanese Army

1941年12月25日发生于香港赤柱半岛的“圣士提反书院大屠杀”，是太平洋战争爆发后日军为报复英军的顽强抵抗而蓄意制造的惨案，也是香港战役中日军针对英军俘虏制造的规模最大、最残忍的屠杀事件。日军无视伤病员和医务人员的基本权利，违反相关国际法和人道主义准则，在圣士提反战时医院犯下杀害战俘和医务人员、强奸妇女、抢劫财物、虐待俘虏等战争罪行，以致伤亡众多。战后，日军指挥官因此被送上军事法庭接受审判。通过梳理该案的发生背景、实施经过和战后追责等史实，不仅可以揭露日军的战争罪行，还有助于深化和丰富香港沦陷史的研究。

The "St. Stephen’s College Massacre", occurred on December 25 of 1941 on the Stanley Peninsula of Hong Kong, was a tragedy deliberately committed by the Japanese Army as a revenge for British army’s stiff resistance, and was a massacre of extreme cruelty in the largest scale committed by the Japanese army towards the British POWs during the Battle of Hong Kong. Ignoring the fundamental rights of the sick and wounded as well as the medical staff, the Japanese army violated the related international law and the humanitarian norms. They committed many war crimes at the St. Stephen’s wartime hospital such as slaughtering the POWs and medical staff,raping women, plundering everything valuable and abusing captives, which caused heavy casualties. The Japanese commanding officers were court-martialed after the war. By analyzing the background of this case, the process of implementation and the post-war, we can not only expose the Japanese army’s war crimes, but also deepen and enrich the studies on the history about the fall of Hong Kong.