九一八事变及东北沦陷后国人的反应

Chinese Countrymen’s Response to Mukden Incident and the Fall of Northeast China

1931年9月18日，日军在沈阳悍然进攻中国东北军驻地北大营，制造了震惊中外的九一八事变，仅三月余，东北全境即落入日军之手，国人为之扼腕痛惜，媒体更是不断报道。对于东北的沦陷，国人指出这是一片不能丢失的土地，希望政府尽早解决东北问题。至于如何收复东北，以蒋介石为首的南京国民政府寄希望于国联，试图通过和平方式解决东北问题。但由于国联的“不作为”，加之主战已成为当时社会舆论的主流，因此国民政府的“和平主张”招致国内民众的普遍不满。在此国难之际，全国上下本应同仇敌忾，国内竟出现一些不和谐的声音，显然有悖于常理。考察九一八事变后国人的不同反应，可以看出正是出于对东北的不甚了解，以致国人在处理东北问题上持有一定的复杂心态。

On 18 September 1931, the Japanese army outrageously attacked the Chinese garrison of Beidaying in Shenyang, and engineered Mukden Incident that shock the world. It was merely over three months later that the whole Northeast China was occupied by the Japanese army. Chinese nationals signed with regret with the continuous media coverage of the incident. For the fall of Northeast, they pointed out that Northeast was a piece of land which we couldn’t lose, hoping the government to resolve the Northeast issue as soon as possible. As for how to recover the Northeast, the Nationalist Government in Nanjing headed by Chiang. Kai-shek laid hopes on the Leagues of Nations, trying to resolve the Northeast issue peacefully. However, due to the inaction of the League of Nations plus the fact that advocating war had become the mainstream of the public opinion of the time,the "peace-keeping proposition" of the Nationalist Government led to widespread public dissatisfaction. At the time of national crisis, the whole nation should have shared a bitter hatred to the enemy, some domestic disharmonious voice were obviously counterintuitive. By investigating different responses of Chinese countrymen after Mukden Incident, it is observed that Chinese nationals had somewhat complicated mindset in dealing with the Northeast issue precisely because of their little understanding about the Northeast.