国共关系视角下的第五战区民众总动员委员会

The General Public Mobilization Committee of the Fifth War Zone from the Perspective of KMT-CPC Relationship

第五战区民众总动员委员会及所辖地区基层动委会的建立，是全面抗战初期国共合作的产物，是抗日民族统一战线的特殊组织形式。作为对基层民众进行政治动员的领导机关，各级动员委员会采取组建工作队以革新基层政治，组建民众团体和武装，开展动员宣传以及组织基层民众开展慰劳、救济及锄奸等措施动员辖区民众，使第五战区的基层动员呈现出良好局面。由于国共两党在民众动员问题上的矛盾，双方由合作走向分裂，国民党通过改组、调整、集训等手段将共产党人排除出各级“动委会”。“动委会”名存实亡，最终被撤销。

The establishment of the General Public Mobilization Committee of the Fifth War Zone and the relevant mobilization committees at provincial, county and district level within its jurisdiction, as a result of the KMT-CPC cooperation, was a special form of organization of the anti-Japanese national united front at the initial stage of the full-scale Chinese war of resistance against Japan. Being a leading body of grassroots mobilization, committees at all levels set up working teams to innovate political organizations at the grass-roots level, organize the grassroots to carry out activities of consolation, relief work and the elimination of traitors, and mobilized the public within theirjurisdiction to create a good situation of the grassroots mobilization. Due to the divergence of the KMT and CPC on the public mobilization issue, the KMT-CPC cooperation moved towards split. KMT excluded Communists from the mobilization committees at all levels by means of reorganization, adjustments and intensified training. The Committee existed in name only and was finally dissolved.