程海水位变化特征与水量平衡研究

Study on Variation of Water Level and Water Balance in Chenghai Lake

针对程海水位持续下降的严峻形势,分析了程海1970~2016年历史水位的年际和年内变化特征;通过水量平衡模型重点研究了2006~2016年水量收入和支出的变化过程,探讨了影响程海丰、枯时期水量变化的主要气象因素。结果表明,程海1970~2016年历史水位整体上呈现下降趋势;2006~2016年多年平均湖体缺水量为2 889.59×10~4 m^3,多年平均入湖水量为7 846.34×10~4 m^3,其中湖面降水量占66.54%;多年平均出湖水量为10 735.93×10~4 m^3,其中湖面蒸发量占95.49%;湖面降水量、湖面蒸发量分别是影响程海丰、枯时期水量变化的主要气象因素。研究成果可为程海可持续发展提供科学的理论依据。

In view of the serious situation of continuous decline of water level at Chenghai Lake, the variation charac- teristics of annual and inner-annual water level of Chenghai Lake from 1970 to 2016 were analyzed. Based on the water balance model, the change processes of water inflow and outflow from 2006 to 2016 were studied. At the same time, the meteorological factors affecting the variation of water volume were discussed. The results indicated that as a whole, the water level of Chenghai Lake appeared a downward trend between 1970 and 2016. The average multi-year lake water shortage was 2889.59×10^4 m^3 from 2006 to 2016. The average multi-year water inflow was 7 846.34 ×10^4 m^3, and the precipitation upon the lake accounted for 66.54%. The average multi-year water outflow was 10 735.93×10^4 m^3, and e- vaporation from lake surface accounted for 95.49%. The precipitation and evaporation over the lake were the main mete- orological factors that affect the water volume change in wet and dry reason, respectively. The research can provide a scientitle theoretical basis for the sustainable development of Chenghai Lake.