卿器系联与周公东征

The association of Qing bronzes and the eastern expedition of Zhougong

通过对西周早期"卿"所作诸器的系联和分析,指出卿盘应作于成王二年,其余诸器应在成王五年以后制作,卿的身份,或与师、史有关。进而对周公东征有关的周初铜器铭文和战国楚简等出土古文字资料进行梳理,结合文献加以辨析,指出文献关于"三监"记述之误;汉唐经师对《诗·豳风·破斧》"周公东征,四国是皇"句"四国"的讹传及曲解;旧说如旅鼎与太保簋系同时之器似是而非。寻绎人物和事件的脉络,加以系联,使其成为条贯的史料,和传世文献互相印证,互为表里,共同摹绘周公东征这一周初和有周一代历史上的大事的具体面貌。

By linking and analyzing the bronzes of Qing in the early Western Zhou Dynasty,the paper concluded that the Plate of Qing should be made in the second year of King Cheng of Zhou,and the other bronzes should be made after the fivfth year of King Cheng. The identity of Qing may be related to Shi 师 or Shi 史. The paper further combed the inscriptions on bronzes in the early Zhou Dynasty and the unearthed ancient texts,such as Chu bamboo slips,in the Warring States period,analyzed them with literature,and pointed out the mistakes written in the literature about the "three supervisors". The miscarriage and misinterpretation of the "four states"of"Zhou Gong assault to the East,the four states have been corrected"of the "Book of Songs"by the philologists of the Han and the Tang Dynasties. The old arguments,such as the tripod of Lv and Gui of Taibao were simultaneous devices,are actually specious. The paper tries to find out the context of the characters and events,link them into a sequential historical material,and verify each other with the literature,and finally portray a concrete aspect of Zhou Gong's eastern expedition,which was a great event in the Western Zhou Dynasty.