北京市西城区带状疱疹门诊病例基本特征分析

Analysis on the basic characteristics of herpes zoster cases from outpatients in Xicheng district, Beijing

目的了解北京市西城区带状疱疹门诊病例的基本特征。方法通过医疗机构病例登记系统，选取2014年1月1Et至12月31日北京市西城区全部医疗机构带状疱疹门诊就诊病例的个人基本信息和诊断信息进行分析。采用t检验和方差分析进行均数比较，采用χ^2检验进行率的比较，采用logistic回归模型分析发生带状疱疹并发症和带状疱疹后遗神经痛（post—herpetic neuralgia，PHN）的相关因素。结果42家医疗机构共诊断带状疱疹58698人次。第一诊断为带状疱疹的病例54851人次，其中首诊病例24039例，复诊病例30812人次。在首诊和复诊病例中，患者主要就诊于三级医院，40-59岁和60-79岁年龄组病例占较大构成比。首诊病例的年龄为（56．9±16．9）岁，其中患PHN者的年龄最大，为（65．3±15．0）岁，患外耳带状疱疹者年龄最小，为（52．0±17．1）岁；史胜占58．5％（14063／24039）；诊断排在前3位的分别是带状疱疹（86．1％，20693／24039）、PHN（9．2％，2204／24039）和带状疱疹后遗症（3．4％，823／24039）。logistic分析结果显示，性别、年龄、医院级别是带状疱疹并发症和PHN发生的相关因素。结论随着年龄增长，带状疱疹、带状疱疹并发症及PHN的发病风险随之增加，疾病的严重程度也随之增加；女性发病风险高于男性，但男性发生并发症及PHN的风险高于女性。

Objective This study was designed to explore the basic characteristics of herpes zoster cases from outpatients in Xicheng District of Beijing. Methods Personal information and diagnostic information of herpes zoster patients in all outpatients in Xicheng district from January 1st, to December 31st 2014 were obtained through hospital information system for this analysis, t-test and one- way ANOVA were used to compare the means and the chi-square test was used to rate comparison. Logistic regression analysis was used to explore relevant factors of complications of herpes zoster and post-herpetic neuralgia （PHN）. Results A total of 58 698 patients were diagnosed as herpes zoster in 42 hospitals. The number of first diagnosed cases was 54 851, including 25 551 first visit cases and 30 812 follow-up cases. These cases mainly visited tertiary hospitals. The groups of 40-59 and 60-79 years old were mainly affected. In the first visit cases, the average age was （56.9±16.9） years old. The age of PHN patients was the oldest （65.3±15.0） while age of herpes zoster in the ear was the youngest （52.0±17.1） years old. Females accounted for 58.5% （14 063/24 039）. The top-three diagnosis were herpes zoster （86.1%, 20 693/24 039）, herpes zoster neuralgia （9.2%, 2 204/24 039） and herpes zoster sequelae （3.4%, 823/24 039）. Multiple factors analysis showed that gender, age and level of hospitals were the relevant factors of the complications of herpes zoster and PHN. Conclusions The risk of herpes zoster, the complications and PHN as well as severity of the disease increased along with the increment of age. Females were at higher risk of herpes zoster than males, but the risk of complications and PHN was higher among males.