全球冰川面积现状及近期变化——基于2017年发布的第6版Randolph冰川编目

The global glacierized area: current situation and recent change,based on the Randolph Glacier Inventory(RGI 6.0) published in 2017

基于2017年发布的第6版Randolph冰川编目资料,结合全球16个主要冰川区近期发表的冰川变化研究文献,系统分析了全球冰川面积现状及其近期变化。结果表明,全球(不包括南极与格陵兰冰盖)共发育山地冰川215 547条,总面积达705 739 km^2,面积相对误差为4.2%。冰川数量以面积等级<1 km^2的冰川(79.15%)为主,冰川面积以面积等级≥100 km^2的冰川(54.9%)为主。分布在北极的冰川面积(45.5%)最多,分布在南极周边岛屿的冰川面积(18.8%)次之,分布在高亚洲(13.8%)和阿拉斯加(12.3%)的冰川面积再次之。近50年间全球冰川经历了强烈退缩,16个主要冰川区面积退缩率达11.3%,1960年以来的冰川面积年均退缩率为0.35%。由于目前尚缺乏多期冰川编目可供比较,全球范围内冰川变化的定量研究仍将是今后研究的重点。

Based on the Randolph Glacier Inventory（RGI 6. 0） published in 2017,current situation and recent change of global glacierized area were analyzed with reference to the statistics of glacierized area change in 16 first-order glacier regions of RGI. The results showthat there are 215 547 glaciers covering an area of 705 739 km^2 all around the world（excluding the Antarctic and Greenland ice sheets）,with an uncertainty of 4. 2%. The number of glaciers with the area below1 km^2 reaches 170 610 and accounts for the majority part（79. 15%） of glaciers in the world. Glaciers with area above 100 km^2 are totaled as 387 241 km^2 and constitute the main part（54. 9%） of the world＇ s glaciers. The 45. 5% of total glacierized area is in Arctic regions（Arctic Canada North,Arctic Canada South,Greenland Periphery,Svalbard and Jan Mayen,and Russian Arctic） and 18. 8% in Antarctica and Sub Antarctic Islands. Glacierized area in High Asia accounts for 13. 8% and that in Alaska for 12. 3%. The area-weighted shrinking rate of global glacier was 11. 3% and the interpolated annual percentages of area changes（APAC） of global glacier has been 0. 35% since 1960. There is a significant regional difference in the magnitude of the APAC of glacierized area,with a difference of more than 30 times between the fastest one in lowlatitudes area（2. 28%） and the slowest one in Arctic Canada North area（0. 07%）. Owing to lack of multiple global glacier inventories for comparison,quantitative studies of global-scale glacier change will continue to be the focus in the future.