采用混响杂波比估计的有源声呐波形杂波抑制性能评价方法

A method of estimating the clutter suppressing performance of active sonar waveform based on the reverberation mixture distribution model

浅海混响中由礁石等强散射体引起的杂波会导致有源声呐虚警、检测性能降低,合理的波形设计可有效抑制此类杂波。虽然使用多普勒敏感波形或减小波形多普勒容限已被证明能够有效抑制杂波,然而只有对当前波形的杂波抑制性能进行量化评价,才能判断当前波形的杂波抑制效果优劣,进而帮助决策是否需调整发射波形,而目前尚缺乏波形杂波抑制性能评价方法的提出。首先通过建模阐述了波形抑制杂波的原理,然后针对波形抑制杂波的性能评价问题,提出了采用混合分布统计模型对混响进行拟合及杂波比估计的方法,最后,通过湖试实验验证了该方法能够有效评价波形的杂波抑制性能。提出的方法利用混响统计特征的参数估计来反映和评价当前波形的性能,对波形体制选择和参数设计具有指导意义。

In shallow water, there are high-level clutters in the reverberation which are caused by large scale scatters such as rocks. The clutters can lead to false alarms and decrease the detection performance. Reasonable waveform design may effectively suppress the clutters. Even though using Doppler sensitive waveform or decreasing waveform Doppler tolerance have been proved effective on suppressing clutters, the evaluation and quantification on clutter suppressing capacity of waveform is essential for waveform adjustment and design. There has no exact evaluation method on waveform clutter suppressing ability now. Firstly, this paper declares the principle of waveform suppressing clutter through modeling. Then, aiming at the performance evaluation problem of waveform suppressing clutters, we propose a method by adopting mixture statistical model to fit the reverberation envelope and estimate the clutter proportion. Finally, the proposed method is verified by lake experiments. The proposed method estimates the performance through the variation of statistical characteristics of reverberation. It contributes significant information to the waveform selection and parameter design.