“吃+N”构式探讨

Discussion on “Chi+N”(吃+N) Construction

三字惯用语"吃+N"的意义不能通过"吃"与"N"语义的简单组合进行推导,因此可以将其视为"吃+N"构式。"吃+N"构式可以分为:就餐义"吃+N"和为生义"吃+N",其构式义为"凸显‘吃’的某种特征",由于"N"的所指不同,所突出的相关特征也不同,同时"N"所凸显的特征,通过一般社会语境的比照产生了各自的蕴含意义,因此"吃+N"构式被社会化、习语化。

The meanings of three-word idioms ＂Chi＋N＂（吃＋N） can not be deduced by the semantic combination of ＂Chi＂（吃） and ＂N＂, so these ＂Chi＋N＂（吃＋N） idioms can be regarded as a ＂Chi＋N＂（吃＋N） construction. The ＂Chi＋N＂（吃＋N） construction has two kinds of meaning： ＂eating＂ and ＂making a living＂. Its constructional meaning is ＂to underline some characteristic of ‘eating＇＂. Because the referents of the ＂N＂ are different, the characteristics to be underlined are different. And through the contrast of the general social context, the characters to be underlined have produced different implied meaning, so the ＂Chi＋N＂（吃＋N） construction is socialized and idiomatic.