中古四等韵介音问题刍议

Discussion on the Medial of Division Ⅳ in Ancient Chinese

四等韵是否有介音,学术界对这一问题的看法一直存在着分歧。本文结合诸家看法,从域外对音、韵文用韵、《切韵》内部证据等方面逐一进行讨论分析,发现中古四等韵很有可能存在介音:诗文用韵中三四等同用远比独用多;韵图中四等韵全在主元音低的外转摄;梵汉对音体现出主元音对选择对音字的影响大,介音对选择对音字的影响小,且四等字不仅对e,也对i和y;日语汉音三四等同音,萧韵存在准拗音;其他对音材料也并不支持四等字没有[i]介音的结论。

Abstract： On the question of if division Ⅳ have a medial, scholars still have different opinions. View it from transliterations, rhyme and Qieyun（切韵）, division IV should have a medial in ancient Chinese. In the poems division Ⅳ always uses with division Ⅲ. Division Ⅳ in rhyme groups with low vowels. In Sanskrit Chinese translations, characters of division IV are not only translated to ‘e＇, also translate to ‘i＇ and ‘y＇. Division IV in Canon of Japanese is the same as division Ⅲ.