被追诉人的法律援助获得权

The Accused's Right of Accessing to Legal Aid

从发展过程来看,被追诉人的法律援助获得权有一个从慈善到权利的漫长发展过程,其正当性主要源于司法公正、平等法律保护、法治社会建设、社会进步与司法文明的需要。从权利属性来看,被追诉人的法律援助获得权是一种可在《宪法》中加以规定的司法救助权,它属于社会救助权的一种。我国规定的被追诉人法律援助获得权的行使条件不符合这种权利的属性,应当将被追诉人无力支付辩护费用作为这种权利的行使条件之一。在权利的行使方面,应当根据问题产生原因,建立一种综合的权利行使保障措施体系。

Judging from development process,the accessing to legal aid of the accused has a long process of development from charity to right.The legitimacy of this right derives from the needs of judicial fairness,equal legal protection,establishment of society ruling by law,social progress and judicial civilization.From the view of the nature of right,it is a kind of judicial assistance right that can be stipulated in the Constitution,and a kind of social assistance right.But the conditions for exercising the right of accessing to legal aid of the accused in our country do not meet the nature of such right.The inability of the accused to pay the defense fee should be one of the conditions for the exercise of this right.In terms of the way of exercising right,it is necessary to set up a comprehensive right exercise system according to the reasons of troubles.