农村公地产权制度的结构性脱耦与重构——基于赣南G村的案例分析

The Structural Decoupling and Reconstruction of Rural Public Lang Property Right System——A Case Study of G Village in South Jiangxi

农村土地产权制度的建构,是结构化场域中的行动者通过策略化行动达到动态性均衡的过程。通过对G村公地纠纷的案例分析发现,在城镇化的背景下,农村公地产权制度经历了从"合约型产权"向"利己型产权"的结构性转换。在"合约型产权"的实践阶段,村落公地纠纷依托村落传统规范及村落成员权的界定得到化解,村落公地总体上处于"祖业权"范畴内。而在"利己型产权"的实践阶段,村民通过在不同的场域对不同产权规则有选择的挪用,村落公地产权的界定需依托"强力占有"的原则。由于农民土地产权认知在"道德理性"与"经济理性"的场域中徘徊,村落公地产权的界定陷入合法性紊乱的悖论,导致了农村公地产权制度的结构性脱耦。在当前农村土地产权的改革实践中,需要合理界定不同土地产权的属性,进而实现国家与社会关系的互动,重建农村公地产权制度的共识。

The construction of rural land property right system is the process of dynamic equilibrium realized by actor＇s strategic action in the structured field.Based on analysis of public land disputes in G village,we found that the rural public property right system had undergone a structural transformation from ＂contractual property right＂to＂egoistic property＂under the background of urbanization.In the practice stage of＂contractual property right＂,the settlement of communal dispute relied on the traditional norms of the village and the definition of the village membership right,the village communes were generally in the category of＂ancestral rights＂.In the practice stage of＂egoistic property＂,the villagers made a choice of different property rights rules in different fields,the definition of village public property right need to rely on＂strong possession＂principle.Because the peasants＇ land property rights cognition hovered in the field of＂moral reason＂and ＂economic rationality＂,the definition of the property rights of the village fell into the paradox of the legitimacy disorder,which led to the structural decoupling of the rural public property right system.In the current practice of rural land property reform,it is necessary to define the attributes of different land property right reasonably,and then realize the interaction between state and social relations and reconstruct the consensus of rural public property rights system.