山区可持续发展的基本理论、欧洲经验及启示

Sustainable Development of Mountain Areas:Basic Theory,European Experience and Its Inspiration

随着气候变化和生态环境退化等问题凸显,作为生态屏障和水源保护地的山区可持续发展日益受到关注,山区可持续发展理论也逐步成型。从国别或地区实践看,"欧盟2020战略"以及欧洲山区协会制定的"山地计划2020"所展现的欧洲山区可持续发展经验较为先进,其运用关系模型和可持续发展概况矩阵获取制定欧洲山区可持续发展战略所需政策依据的方法可资借鉴。在山区面积占国土面积近70%的中国,乡村振兴乃至国家的可持续发展,其重点和难点都在山区。借鉴欧盟经验,我国应在贯彻落实中共十九大报告提出的乡村振兴和城乡融合的新的农村政策指导下,及时研究制定山区和农村地区可持续发展战略。

As the emergence and worsening of climate change and ecological environment degradation,the sustainable development of mountain areas,as ecological barriers and water conservation sites,has drawn increasing attention.Theories on sustainable mountain development have also gradually taken shape.In terms of the practice in specific countries or regions,the European experience of sustainable mountain development based on the＂EU 2020 Strategy＂and the＂Toward Mountains 2020＂made by Euromontana is comparatively advanced.Using the Nexus Model and the Sustainability Profile Matrix,EU may obtain the evidence needed in the making of its sustainable development strategy,which can be learned by other countries.In China,where mountain areas account for nearly 70% of the whole country,the key points,difficulties,hopes and solutions for the sustainable development of the countryside and even the whole country lie in the mountain areas.On the basis of the EU experience,and under the guidance of the rural revitalization and integrated development of urban and rural areas put forward by the 19 th CPC Congress,China should formulate its own sustainable development strategy in mountain and rural areas promptly.