2015-2016年咸宁市居民恶性肿瘤死亡分析

Deaths Caused by Malignant Tumors in Residents in Xianning From 2015 to 2016

目的对2015-2016年咸宁市居民恶性肿瘤死亡状况进行分析,为恶性肿瘤防治工作提供参考依据。方法按国际分类标准ICD-10进行死因分类,采用Excel 2007、DeathReg 2005软件和SPSS 18.0软件进行数据分析,分别计算死亡率,标化死亡率、死因顺位、去死因期望寿命等相关指标。结果 2015-2016年咸宁市居民恶性肿瘤粗死亡率为286.3/10万,标化死亡率为217.54/10万,男性粗死亡率显著高于女性(χ2=860.51,P<0.05)。死亡率居前五位的恶性肿瘤依次是肺癌、肝癌、胃癌、结直肠癌和食管癌,占恶性肿瘤总死亡数的72.49%。恶性肿瘤死亡率均随着年龄的增长呈现逐渐增高的趋势,60岁后明显增加,60~69岁年龄组达到高峰。各年龄组恶性肿瘤死亡原因各不相同,0~19岁年龄组恶性肿瘤最主要死亡原因为白血病,占该年龄段恶性肿瘤死亡的64.29%;肝癌是20~39岁年龄组和40~59随年龄组的恶性肿瘤死亡的第1位,分别占各自年龄段恶性肿瘤死亡的29.39%和24.34%;肺癌是60岁及以上年龄组恶性肿瘤死亡的主要原因。结论恶性肿瘤是危害咸宁市居民健康的主要疾病,60岁以上老年人为高发人群。肺癌、肝癌、胃癌、结直肠癌和食管癌是今后防控的重点。

Objective To understand the deaths caused by malignant tumors among residents resident in Xianning in 2015-2016,and provide reference for the prevention of malignant tumors. Methods The underlying death causes were coded and classified according to International Classification of Diseases 10 th edition（ ICD-10）.Statistical analysis was conducted using software Excel 2007,DeathReg 2005 and SPSS 18. 0. Mortality,standard mortality,death rate,and life expectancy were calculated. Results The crude mortality of malignant tumors in Xianning in 2015-2016 was 286. 3/105. The age-standardized mortality was 217. 54/105. The mortality rate was significantly higher in males than in females（ χ2= 860. 51,P〈 0. 05）. The top five malignant tumors were lung cancer,liver cancer,gastric cancer,colorectal cancer and esophageal cancer,accounting for72. 49% of total deaths caused by malignant tumors. The death rate of malignant tumors increased with age,especially in the age group of 〉60 years,and peaked in the 60-69 year age group. The causes of death were different in different age groups. Leukemia was the leading death cause in the 0-19 year age group,accounting for 64. 29% of total cancer deaths in this age group. Liver cancer was the leading death cause in age groups of 20-39 years and 40-59 years,accounting for 29. 39 % and24. 34 % of the deaths of malignant tumors,respectively.Lung cancer was the leading death cause in the age group of〉 60 years. Conclusion Malignant tumors are the primary diseases that impair the health of residents in Xianning; people aged 〉60 years are a high-risk population of malignant tumors. Lung cancer,liver cancer,gastric cancer,colorectal cancer and esophageal cancer are the target of future prevention and control.