2010-2016年开封市手足口病流行特征及病原学监测分析

Situation of Epidimology and Etiology about Hand-foot-mouth Disease in Kaifeng From 2010 to 2016

目的分析开封市2010-2016年手足口病(Hand-foot-mouth disease,HFMD)的流行趋势及病原学状况。方法利用"中国疾病预防控制信息系统"的手足口病病例信息,对开封市的手足口病发病情况、三间分布和病原学等进行描述流行病学分析。结果开封市2010-2016年共发生手足口病病例38 287例,其中重症1 095例,死亡13例。各县区均有不同严重程度的病例报道,尤以6个城区为重点高发区域。发病曲线呈单峰分布,春夏季为发病高峰,3岁以下年龄组为高发人群,年平均发病例数占总体的75.87%。男性高发于女性。开封市2010-2016年的优势毒株也有变化,2010-2013年和2016年的优势病原毒株为EV71,而2014年和2015年优势病原毒株为其他肠道病毒。结论在今后几年内开封市手足口病疫情仍面临着严峻的形势,提示应继续加强综合防治措施。

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and etiology of hand-foot-mouth disease（ HFMD） in Kaifeng from 2010 to 2016 and to understand the regularity of HFMD for disease prevention.Methods The data of HFMD was collected through the china information system for disease control and prevention from 2010 to 2016. The descriptive epidemiology method was used to analyze the incidence,threedistribution and etiology of HFMD in Kaifeng. Results There were 38 287 cases of HFMD,including 1 095 severe cases and 13 death cases in Kaifeng from 2010 to 2016. Different severity of the case were reported in all countyies,especially in 6 urban areas with high incidence. The incidence curve showed a single peak distribution. The annual incidence peak was the turn of the spring and summer. Up to 75. 87% of the cases were children aged 〈3 years. The incidence was higher in the male than that of the female. The dominant etiology had been changed from 2010 to 2016. The EV71 was dominant etiology from 2010 to 2013 and 2016;but the other enteroviruses（ except EV71 and CA16） was the dominant etiology from 2014 to 2015.Conclusion The HFMD situation of Kaifeng was serious in the further. The comprehensive prevention and control measures should still be needed to implement.