2016年云南省居民期望寿命和去死因期望寿命分析

Life expectancy and cause eliminated life expectancy of Yunnan residents in 2016

目的分析云南省居民期望寿命及主要死因对期望寿命的影响,为制定疾病预防和控制策略提供科学依据。方法收集2016年云南省死因监测点数据和漏报数据,运用简略寿命表和去死因简略寿命表,计算期望寿命、去死因期望寿命、寿命损失年数和损失率等指标。结果 2016年云南省居民期望寿命74.94岁,其中男性72.03岁,女性78.32岁,女性较男性高6.29岁。去除心脑血管疾病、呼吸系统疾病、损伤与中毒、恶性肿瘤主要死因后,人均期望寿命可依次增加5.62岁、2.82岁、1.95岁和1.81岁。去除脑血管病、慢性阻塞性肺疾病、心脏病、道路交通事故、肺癌、意外跌倒、肝癌、自杀、意外中毒、胃癌等主要单病种死因后,居民期望寿命分别增长2.38岁、2.19岁、2.03岁、0.59岁、0.49岁、0.38岁、0.29岁、0.26岁、0.20岁和0.17岁。结论云南省居民期望寿命有待提高,重点应加强心脑血管疾病、呼吸系统疾病、恶性肿瘤等慢性非传染性疾病的防治,此外还须加强道路交通事故、意外跌倒、自杀和意外中毒等主要损伤与中毒的防控工作。

Objective To analyze life expectancy of residents in Yunnan and the influence of main cause of death on life expectancy of residents, and to provide a scientific basis for disease prevention and control. Methods The death surveillance data and missing data of Yunnan in 2016 was collected, life table and cause eliminated life table was applied to calculate life expectancy, cause eliminated life expectancy, years of life loss and loss rate. Results In 2016, the life expectancy of residents was 74.94 years old in Yunnan, 72. 03 in male and 78. 32 in female respectively, and women was 6. 29 years longer than men. By eliminating the causes of death of cardiovascular diseases, respiratory disease, injury and poisoning, malignant tumor, the life expectancy increased 5.62, 2. 82, 1.95, and 1.81 years respectively. After eliminating the causes of deaths of cerebrovascular disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, heart diseases, road traffic accident, lung cancer, accidental falls, liver cancer, suicide, accidental poisoning and gastric cancer, the life expectancy increased 2. 38, 2. 19, 2. 03, O. 59, 0. 49, 0. 38, 0. 29, 0. 26, 0.20, and 0. 17 years respectively. Conclusion The life expectancy of residents in Yun- nan needs to be improved. The prevention and treatment of chronic non-communicable diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, respiratory disease and malignant tumors should be strengthened. In addition, prevention of injury and poisoning such as road traffic accident, accidental falls, suicide and accidental poisoning should be also strengthened.