辽宁省白头翁属植物分类与基于ITS2的DNA条形码分子鉴定

Classification of Pulsatilla Adans and Molecular Identification of DNA Barcodes Based on ITS2 Sequence in Liaoning Province

目的：进一步总结辽宁省白头翁属植物种类,为合理开发保护白头翁属植物资源提供依据。方法：从植物形态、花粉粒、基于内转录间隔区（ITS2）序列的DNA条形码分子鉴定三方面对辽宁省白头翁属植物进行分类与鉴定研究。结果：在全国第四次中药资源普查中,笔者经实地调查白头翁属植物的形态特征、花粉粒微观形态、基于ITS2序列的DNA条形码分子鉴定等,确证了一新种白头翁-岩生白头翁（Pulsatilla saxatilis）的存在;确证了兴安白头翁（P.dahurica）,白花白头翁（P.chinensis）两种辽宁省新记录;确证了在大连市大黑山、鞍山市千山有金县白头翁（P.chinensis var.kissii）的存在。结论：辽宁地区为白头翁的主产区之一,白头翁药材基本都为野生,价格逐年上涨,加之开荒种地等原因,辽宁地区白头翁属资源正在逐年锐减,更加造成了白头翁属植物资源的匮乏,急需加快栽培技术研究,保护白头翁属植物野生资源的多样性和保证白头翁药材的可持续利用。

Objective： To further summarize the species of Pulsatilla Adans in Liaoning province,in order to provide basis for rational development and protection of resources of the species. Method： The classification and identification of Pulsatilla Adans in Liaoning province were studied in three aspects： plant morphology,pollen grains and DNA barcode molecular identification based on internal transcribed space（ ITS2）sequence. Result： In the fourth census of resources of traditional Chinese medicine, we investigated the characteristics of the plants of the genus Pulsatilla Adans morphological,the microstructure of the pollen grain,ITS2 sequences of DNA-based molecular identification of bar code,etc.,confirmed a new species of Pulsatilla Adans-P. saxatilis. Two new records of P. dahurica and P. chinensis in Liaoning province were confirmed. The existence of P. chinensis var. kissii was confirmed in Dalian and Anshan. Conclusion： Liaoning is one of the main producing areas of Pulsatillae Radix. Because Pulsatillae Radix is mostly wild,the price has been rising ever year.Besides,due to land reclamation and other reasons,Pulsatilla Adans resources in Liaoning province have been sharply declined year by year, which caused the lack of Pulsatilla Adans plant resources more seriously.Therefore,it＇s urgent to speed up the cultivation of technological research and protection of wild resources,so as to ensure the sustainable use of Pulsatillae Radix resources.