论苏珊·桑塔格“反对阐释”的伦理关怀与话语实践

Ethical Concern and Discourse Practice in Susan Sontag's “Against Interpretation”

苏珊·桑塔格以"反对阐释"的激进口号蜚声中外学界,然而"反对阐释"的观点却屡遭误读,甚至被贴上了审美主义的标签。本文透过哲学与文学研究伦理学转向的历史背景,重探"反对阐释"的理论意涵。"反对阐释"不是拒绝任何意义上的阐释,而是用"新感受力"来批判庸俗与僵化的道德批评,因此它不仅仅是一种注重形式的理论倡导,还体现了深刻的人本主义和伦理关怀。桑塔格将审美与道德置于富有张力的文化结构中,以持续的文学创作、文化批评和社会活动实践呼应其伦理诉求,这对我们进行理论批评和价值选择有着重要的启示意义。

Susan Sontag＇s proposal ＂anti-interpretation＂, although often misunderstood and even simply dismissed as the reassertion of aestheticism, has a profound influence on literary criticism. This essay re-examines Sontag＇s argument against the background of ethical turn in philosophy and in literary studies, claiming that what Sontag argues against is not interpretation but dogmatic rules of moral judgment. Therefore, interpretation, in Sontag＇s conceptual system, is not only about literary form but also about humanism and ethics. To concretize her appeal for ethical criticism, Sontag places aesthetics and ethic into culture and engages with them through her creative writing, literary criticism and social activities.