加氢装置高压换热器铵盐腐蚀的模拟计算和试验研究

Simulation and Research on Ammonium Salt Corrosion in High Pressure Heat Exchanger of Hydrogenation Unit

加氢原料中含有氯化物,使得加氢反应流出物系统(如高压换热器等)极易发生铵盐堵塞及腐蚀问题,严重时会造成管束内介质腐蚀泄漏甚至爆管事故,影响装置的安全稳定运行。以某炼化企业汽柴油加氢装置高压换热器为研究对象,针对该工况下NH_4Cl的结晶现象进行了模拟计算和试验研究,计算得出了该工况下NH_4Cl结晶温度,继而判断出结晶位置,并依据现场实际情况提出了适宜的注水方案;根据动态腐蚀试验结果,提出了以工艺防腐蚀和材质升级为主的防护建议,为相关生产操作提供基础数据和理论支撑。

For the reason of chloride contained in hydrogenation raw material, ammonium salt blockage and corrosion problems are frequently happened in hydrogenation reaction effluent system （ such as high pressure heat exchanger, etc. ） , or even medium leakage or pipe bursting accident, which seriously affect the safe and stable operation of equipment. In the paper, high pressure heat exchanger of gasoline and diesel hydrogenation unit in a refinery enterprise was taken as research object, crystallization temperature and location were confirmed accordingly by carrying out simulation and experimental research in view of the phenomenon of NH4C1 crystallization, then feasible water injection plan was proposed based on actual situation; according to the test results of dynamic corrosion, suggestions such as process corrosion protection and material upgrading were brought forward which provide basic data and theoretical support for relevant production and operation.