基于数学能力的理念与目标比较研究——以现行上海和日本数学课程标准为例

Comparison of the Ideas and Aims behind High School Mathematics Curriculum Standards of Shanghai and Japan from the Perspective of Mathematical Literacy

数学课程标准是教学、学习和评价的重要依据.研究发现,＂以学生发展为本＂和＂生存能力＂分别是上海课标和日本课标理念和总目标的依据,虽然两者都蕴含了发展,但内涵不尽相同.注重双基、能力和应用是两者总目标的共同点,从知识、技能和情感态度3个维度来要求是上海的特征,而以系统性知识技能为基磐,以数学活动为媒介培养数学的思考力、判断力和表达力形成了日本目标的亮点.

Mathematics curriculum standard was the important basis of teaching, learning and assessment. Through the study, it could be found that ＂based on students＇ development＂ and ＂viability＂ were the bases of concept and general objective of Shanghai curriculum and Japanese curriculum respectively. Although both involve the development, the connotation was not the same. Paying attention to double-base, capability and application was the common point of their general objective. The characteristic of Shanghai curriculum was requiring from three dimensions namely knowledge, skills, and emotional attitude. While with systemic knowledge skills as the base rock and mathematical activities as the media, developing mathematical thinking, judgment and expressiveness forms the highlight of Japanese goal.