重度污染雾霾天气对武汉市院外急救影响的调查研究

Investigation and case-control Study on the effect of severe pollution haze weather to pre-hospital care in Wuhan

目的研究重度污染雾霾天气与院外急救病种发病的关系。方法以武汉市急救中心数据库、武汉市环保局网站、中国气象数据网为数据来源，依照空气污染指数（air quality index，AQI）排序，选取30d污染最严重的雾霾天气急救数据和非雾霾天气急救数据，分析急救人群的一般特征和发病病种，定量资料比较用t检验，计数资料采用χ2检验，通过SPSS18．0进行统计分析。结果重度污染雾霾天气导致80岁以上老年人哮喘、脑卒中、肺部感染、颅内感染以及神经系统疾病发病率增高，心血管疾病、精神系统疾病、慢阻肺等疾病发病没有显著的影响。结论在雾霾天气，应加强上述高发病种、重点人群的防护，120急救站应该制定针对性的急救策略，做好相应准备。

Objective To study the relationship between severe fog and haze pollution and spectrum of diseases of pre-hospital care in Wuhan city. Method We retrived the databases of the Emergency Center of Wuhan, the Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau in Wuhan, Chinese Meteorological Data, selected the data of the most serious pollution 30 days with the weather of haze and good air quality, the statistical analysis of general characteristics and pathogenesis by student test, The measurement data by Chi square test, all the data analysis by sofeware SPSS 18. Result The incidence of asthma, stroke, pulmonary infection, intracranial infection and nervous system disorders increased and the difference was significant in severe fog and haze pollution weather of elderly men which aboving 80 years.The incidence of cardiovascular disease, mental disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease increased, but had no significant influence.Conclusion We should ,strengthen the protection focusing on high incidence diseases, high risk population in serious pollution weather of fog and haze, The first-aid station should develop emergency strategy ahead of time and make proper preparations.