支气管扩张患者自我效能现状及其影响因素分析

The status of self-efficacy and its influencing factors of the patients with bronchiectasis

目的调查支气管扩张患者自我效能水平的现状，并分析其影响因素。方法使用自我效能量表、一般情况调查表，采用便利抽样法对150例支气管扩张患者进行自我效能水平调查，分析自我效能的影响因素。结果被调查的支气管扩张患者的自我效能及其各维度得分分别为：自我效能（5．36±1．48）分、症状管理自我效能（5．57±1．74）分、疾病共性管理自我效能（5．19±1．62）分。不同性别、文化程度、吸烟情况及是否首次确诊等与自我效能得分有关，差异均有统计学意义（均P〈0．05）；患者自我效能与是否首次诊断、吸烟情况呈正相关。结论支气管扩张症患者的自我效能水平有待提高，对病程长、长期吸烟的患者，医护人员应增强自我管理力度，以尽力改善他们的自我效能，促进其健康水平的提高。

Objective To investigate the current situation of self-efficacy in patients with bronchiectasis, and to analyze the influencing factors in order to improve their self-efficacy. Methods Self-efficacy scale and the general situation questionnaire was used to investigate the self-efficacy and its influencing factors of 150 patients with bronchiectasis by using the convenience sampling method. Results The scores of self-efficacy of the 150 patients with bronchiectasis were ： self-efficacy （5.36 ±1.48） points, symptom management self-efficacy （5.57± 1.74） points, common disease management self-efficacy （5.19 ± 1.62） points. Gender, educational level, smoking status and first diagnosis were all related to selfefficacy scores, and the differences were statistically significant （P〈0. 05 ）. Patients＇ self-efficacy was positively correlated with their first diagnosis and smoking status. Conclusions The self-efficacy of patients with bronchiectasis needs to be improved. For long-term smokers, health care workers should strengthen self-management to improve their self-efficacy and improve their health.