温州台风所致公共卫生问题中的应急健康教育策略

Strategy of emergency health education in the public health problems caused by typhoon in Wenzhou

近年来,突发公共卫生事件一直是政府部门高度重视和百姓积极关注的焦点。温州地处沿海地带,常年受台风灾害影响,造成的群众生命安全和健康威胁等公共卫生问题不容忽视,而应急健康教育策略正是引导群众科学防范台风等自然灾害的强有力的手段,能够帮助群众迅速掌握防灾救灾知识,有效消除和减少影响个人和群体健康的危险因素,是一种"低投入高效益"的干预措施,其优势和重要性日益彰显。此文通过分析温州台风所致公共卫生问题以及当前温州市疾病预防控制机构的突发公共卫生事件应急健康教育工作现状,指出当前应急健康教育工作中有待解决的居民应对突发自然灾害认知程度偏低、健康信息覆盖面不均衡等问题,并针对问题思考和探讨今后的健康教育策略,提出因时、因地、因人制宜开展健康教育,促使人们建立"知信行"健康行为模式,实现健康教育的目标。

In recent years,public health emergencies have been the focus of government departments and people＇s active attention. Wenzhou is located in the coastal zone and affected by typhoon all the year round. It causes the public health problems which threaten people＇s live and security and health. However,the strategy of emergency health education is a powerful means to guide the masses to prevent natural disasters such as typhoon scientifically. It can help the masses quickly grasp the knowledge of disaster prevention and relief. The effective elimination and reduction of risk factors affecting the health of individuals and groups is a ＂low input and high efficiency＂intervention. Its advantages and importance are increasingly manifest. The paper analyzes the public health problems caused by typhoon and the current situation of education in the public health emergency of the disease prevention and control institution in Wenzhou. It is pointed out that the residents who need to be solved in the current emergency health education work should deal with the problems such as low awareness of natural disasters and the imbalance of health information coverage,then think and discuss the future health education strategy recommendations,put forward the health promotion of education by means of time,place and person,so as to promote the healthy a behavior mode of ＂knowledge-attitude-practice＂,and achieve the goal of education.