城市自行车骑行者疲劳感知特性

Characteristics of Urban Cyclist Perception of Fatigue

为了探究自行车骑行过程中骑行者的疲劳感知变化规律及其影响因素,设计实施了针对不同骑行环境的骑行试验。根据试验收集的骑行者个体属性、骑行强度数据及骑行者生理、心理数据,利用多元线性回归方法建立了骑行者疲劳感知模型,定量描述了骑行者疲劳感知与骑行者个体属性、骑行强度以及骑行者生理、心理负荷之间的变化关系。应用统计检验方法对模型的线性显著性、多重共线性进行检验;并通过实施新的骑行试验验证了模型对于实际骑行活动中骑行者疲劳感知的预测能力。由模型分析可知:骑行者的疲劳感知变化主要受到骑行者个体属性、骑行强度、骑行者生理负荷以及心理负荷等属性的影响,4种属性的建模变量对于出行者疲劳感知的影响因子分别为-0.291,0.353,0.253,0.265。研究结果表明:在骑行过程中,骑行强度、骑行者生理负荷以及心理负荷因素与疲劳感知呈正相关关系,而骑行者个体属性则与疲劳感知呈负相关关系,其中骑行强度因素对于疲劳感知变化影响最大;模型预测的骑行者疲劳程度值与试验实测值无显著性差异;可通过改善现有骑行环境来降低骑行过程中骑行者的生理负荷和心理负荷,从而减小骑行者出行疲劳感知期望值,以此影响自行车出行者骑行选择行为的决策;骑行疲劳感知模型可应用于自行车交通评估与规划。

To explore the mechanism of perceiving cyclist fatigue and seek the factors that influence the perception,this study designed and implemented a cycling experiment in different cycling environments.Based on the cycling data,including individual attributes,the intensity ofcycling activity,and the physiological and psychological data of cyclists,collected from the cycling experiment,a fatigue perception model was developed using multivariable linear regression.The model described quantitatively the relations between cyclists＇ perceiving fatigue state and their individual attributes, cycling activity intensity, and physiological and psychological loads.The linear significance and multicollinearity of the model were tested by using a statistics method.In addition,through implementation of another cycling experiment,the forecasting ability of the cyclist fatigue perception model in real cycling activities was verified.The analytical results show that perceiving cyclist fatigue is mainly influenced by the individual attributes of cyclists,the intensity of their cycling activities,and their physiological and psychological loads.Statistically,the influencing impact factor scores of the aforementioned on fatigue perception were-0.291,0.353,0.253,and 0.265,respectively.This means that a positive correlation was found between fatigue perception and cycling activity intensity,the cyclists＇ physiological and psychological loads,and their perception of fatigue,whereas the cyclists＇ individual attributes had a negative correlation with fatigue perception.It should be noted that cycling activity intensity had the greatest effect on changes to the cyclists＇ perception of fatigue.No significant difference was observed between the forecast and real values of the cyclist fatigue perception model.Based on these research results,this cycling system can be improved by reducing the physiological and psychological loads of cyclists during cycling,thereby reducing the expectation of the cyclists＇ perception of fatigue during cycling and affecting their decision-making and cycling behaviors.This model also can be used in the field of bicycle evaluation and planning.