聚-γ-谷氨酸与不同形态氮肥共施对油菜生长的影响

Effects of Co-application of Poly-γ-glutamic Acid and Different Forms of Nitrogen Fertilizer on Rape Growth

为探究聚-γ-谷氨酸对不同形态氮肥(尿素、氯化铵、硝酸钠、有机无机肥配施)的增效效果,采用盆栽试验方法,研究聚-γ-谷氨酸与不同形态氮肥共施对油菜产量、品质及肥料利用率的影响。结果表明:γ-PGA与不同形态氮肥共施,可使油菜鲜重增加1.25%~26.77%,以尿素和有机无机肥配施,γ-PGA浓度为4.3 mg/(kg·土)时的增产效果较好;可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白和游离氨基酸含量的最大增加量分别为49.60%、23.62%和132.79%,硝酸盐含量降低了6.18%~46.08%,以氯化铵和有机无机肥配施效果较好;氮、磷、钾的利用率提高幅度分别0.63%~7.61%、0.01%~1.66%、0.78%~6.49%,以尿素和有机无机肥配施2组处理对肥料的利用率较高。综上所述,根据短期的盆栽试验得出,在农业生产中推荐γ-PGA与尿素或有机无机肥共施,γ-PGA施用量为4.3 mg/(kg·土)。

To investigate the synergistic effect of poly-γ-glutamic acid（γ-PGA） on different forms of nitrogenfertilizers（urea, ammonium chloride, sodium nitrate and combined application of organic and inorganicfertilizers）, a pot experiment was conducted to study the effects of γ-PGA combined with different forms ofnitrogen fertilizer on rape yield, quality and utilization rate of fertilizer. The results showed that the yield of rapewas increased by 1.25%-26.77% under 4 forms of nitrogen fertilizer combined with γ-PGA. With 4.3 mg/（kg·soil）of γ-PGA, the synergistic effect was better under urea and combined application of organic and inorganicfertilizers. The contents of soluble sugar, soluble protein and free amino acid were increased by 49.60%,23.62% and 132.79%, respectively, and the nitrate content decreased by 6.18%-46.08%. The synergistic effectwas better under ammonium chloride and combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers. Theutilization rates of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were increased by 0.63%-7.61%, 0.01%-1.66% and 0.78%-6.49%, respectively. The utilization rates were higher under urea and combined application oforganic and inorganic fertilizers. In conclusion, according to the short-term pot experiment, γ-PGA combined with urea or organic-inorganic fertilizer is recommended in agricultural production, and the dosageof γ-PGA was 4.3 mg/（kg·soil）.