牙槽上颌窦动脉骨孔的CBCT研究

Cone-beam CT evaluation of the bony canal structure of alveolar antral artery

目的运用CBCT影像观察统计牙槽上颌窦动脉骨孔的发生率、直径,与剩余牙槽骨、上颌窦外侧壁的关系,为临床提供参考。方法选择2016年1月2016年12月来首都医科大学附属北京口腔医院种植科要求行上颌后牙区种植手术的患者172名,拍摄CBCT测量其牙槽上颌窦动脉骨孔直径,上颌窦外侧壁的厚度,剩余牙槽嵴高度,骨孔下缘至剩余牙槽嵴顶间距,对各测量值进行统计分析。结果入选172名患者中牙槽上颌窦动脉骨孔的发现率为53.3%(112/210)。骨孔的平均直径为(1.27±0.36)mm;上颌窦外侧壁的厚度平均值为(1.81±0.55)mm;剩余牙槽嵴高度平均值为(7.85±3.09)mm;骨孔下缘距剩余牙槽嵴顶间距均值为(17.49±3.64)mm。经采用独立样本t检验,发现性别对骨孔直径影响差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。牙槽上颌窦动脉骨孔下缘距牙槽嵴顶间距与剩余牙槽嵴高度显著正相关,牙槽上颌窦动脉骨孔直径与上颌窦外侧壁的厚度显著正相关。结论CBCT在检测牙槽上颌窦动脉具有较明显的优势,能为手术中避免血管出血提供参考。

Objective To examine the prevalence and diameter of the bony canal structure of alveolar antral artery and its relation to residual alveolar bone and the maxillary sinus lateral wall using cone-beam computed tomography（ CBCT）. Methods CBCT images of maxilla in 172 patients were randomly selected from patients who underwent posterior teeth implant therapy. The diameter of the bony canal,thickness of maxillary sinus lateral wall,height of residual alveolar bone,and height of the bony canal lower border to the alveolar crest were measured from CBCT scans. The data were statistically analyzed. Results The prevalence of the bony canal was 53. 3%（ 112/210）. The mean diameter of the bony canal was（ 1. 27 ± 0. 36） mm. The thickness of maxillary sinus lateral wall was（ 1. 81 ± 0. 55） mm. The height of residual alveolar bone was（ 7. 85 ± 3. 09） mm. The height of the bony canal lower border to the alveolar crest was（ 17. 49 ± 3. 64）mm. No significant difference in the diameters was found between females and males（ P〉0. 05）. The height of the bony canal lower border to the alveolar crest was positively correlated with the height of the residual alveolar bone. The diameter of the bony canal was positively correlated with the thickness of maxillary sinus lateral wall. Conclusion CBCT is a valuable tool in evaluating the presence of the bony canal of alveolar antral artery.